Vitamin K2 (vitamin K2) is a fat-soluble vitamin that belongs to a subtype of the vitamin K family. It is mainly involved in calcium metabolism in the body and is essential for bone health and the proper functioning of the cardiovascular system. There are different isoforms of vitamin K2, such as MK-4 and MK-7, of which MK-7 is the most common form, has a high bioavailability and is often found in fermented foods (e.g. natto).
Functions and applications:
1.Bone Health: Like vitamin K1, vitamin K2 is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism and bone mineralization. It helps activate osteocalcin, a protein that binds calcium ions and is essential for bone formation and mineralization. Vitamin K2 directs calcium to the bones and teeth, preventing it from accumulating in soft tissues like blood vessels.
2.Cardiovascular Health: One of the key roles of vitamin K2 is its ability to prevent the accumulation of calcium in blood vessels and arteries. By activating a protein called matrix Gla-protein (MGP), vitamin K2 helps inhibit the calcification of arteries, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Adequate vitamin K2 intake has been associated with a reduced risk of arterial calcification and cardiovascular events.
3.Bone Density and Fracture Risk: Some research suggests that vitamin K2 supplementation may help improve bone density and reduce the risk of fractures, particularly in postmenopausal women and older adults. By promoting proper calcium utilization and bone mineralization, vitamin K2 supports overall bone health and strength.
4.Dental Health: Vitamin K2 may also play a role in dental health by supporting the remineralization of tooth enamel and preventing dental cavities. Its ability to regulate calcium metabolism and promote proper mineralization is beneficial for maintaining strong and healthy teeth.
5.Brain and Cognitive Function: Emerging research suggests that vitamin K2 may have neuroprotective effects and could potentially help reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. By reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, vitamin K2 may support cognitive function and brain health.
6.Immune System Regulation: Vitamin K2 may modulate immune system function and help regulate inflammatory responses. Some studies have suggested that vitamin K2 supplementation may have immunomodulatory effects, although more research is needed in this area.