Vitamin B3, also known as niacin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for various physiological functions of the body. It exists in two forms: nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, both with similar biological activities.
Functions and applications:

1.Energy Metabolism: Niacin plays a crucial role in energy metabolism by acting as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It helps convert these macronutrients into usable energy for the body.
2.DNA Repair and Synthesis: Niacin is involved in the synthesis and repair of DNA, the genetic material in cells. It plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the genome and supporting proper cell division and growth.
3.Nervous System Function: Niacin is important for the proper functioning of the nervous system. It is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers that transmit signals between nerve cells. Adequate niacin intake may help support cognitive function and overall nervous system health.
4.Cholesterol Management: Niacin has been shown to have lipid-lowering effects, particularly on blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. It can also increase levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "good" cholesterol. These effects make niacin a useful adjunctive therapy for managing dyslipidemia and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
5.Skin Health: Niacin can have beneficial effects on skin health. It is involved in the maintenance of the skin barrier function and the regulation of skin cell differentiation and proliferation. Topical niacinamide (a form of niacin) is used in skincare products for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties.
6.Vasodilation: Niacin promotes vasodilation, the widening of blood vessels, which can improve blood flow and circulation. This property of niacin is utilized in the treatment of certain cardiovascular conditions, such as peripheral vascular disease.